It is well known for us teachers that all our practice depends upon one single aspect: learning objectives. Therefore, every decision we make, in terms of methodology, materials, planning, etc. should be influenced by explicit goals we set according to our context. The design of the curriculum is not the exception. Wiggins (1998) makes it clear in his chapter ‘Backward Design’ that the objectives must be the starting point when creating or reviewing the curriculum to be followed.
Wiggins states that the process of designing a syllabus should be carried out following three steps. First, it is necessary to identify the desired results, having a clear idea of what we expect our students to know or be able to do. Second, “acceptable evidence” should be determined, i.e. it must be clear how we expect our students to demonstrate they have actually learned. Finally, learning experiences and instruction are planned. In this stage we should think of the most suitable instructional activities as well as the skills our students will need in order to accomplish the objectives stated previously.
Although this process makes a lot of sense, and seems to be the most appropriate way to design, it implies a massive change in common teaching practice. My experience, which is not very extensive, tells me that unfortunately things are usually done quite the opposite. Generally, this is not because teachers are not willing to do things in the best possible way. My feeling is that, in most cases, teachers are not given the time or conditions to improve their practices. On the other hand, it is easier to do things they way they have always been done, and it is sad to observe that some teachers are reluctant to changes, even when those changes may mean professional growth.
Regarding my own context, I can say that we, as English department, have tried to move in that direction, adapting our institutional curriculum and trying to see objectives as the core of our teaching. It is a process that takes plenty of time and effort, but it is definitely worth it.
